Recently, Professor Lu Zhengang's team at Harbin Institute of Technology proposed a non-microscope objective lithography method that utilizes the spherical convex lens aberration, enabling laser beams converged layer-by-layer axially. This technique can modulate collimated hollow beams into finer annular spots, directly generating annular patterns on curved substrates through a single laser pulse. The lithography device based on this method demonstrates superior performance. It achieves significantly finer line width and broader diameter adjustment ranges comparing to conventional annular lithography techniques. Moreover, compared to traditional laser direct-writing methods, it offers an extended depth of field and working distance and reduces hardware requirements while providing greater spatial redundancy for substrate positioning. This approach combines cost-effectiveness, high efficiency, and high performance. It is not only applicable to manufacturing ring-shaped metal mesh gratings and metasurface unit cells on curved substrates but also holds promise for providing viable solutions in various laser processing applications.

The research, titled “Ultra-Long Focal Depth Annular Lithography for Fabricating Micro Ring-Shaped Metasurface Unit Cells on Highly Curved Substrates”, was published in the top-tier optical journal Light: Advanced Manufacturing.

This review introduces an innovative and integrative perspective on nanoemulsion technology by linking formulation parameters directly to cosmetic performance outcomes—a relationship that has been largely overlooked in previous studies. Unlike earlier reviews that provided only general overviews, this paper critically synthesizes experimental findings to establish how specific formulation choices, such as surfactant selection, oil phase composition, and preparation method, affect stability, penetration depth, and active ingredient release in cosmetic products.

The review also highlights emerging strategies for achieving safer, more sustainable nanoemulsions through the use of natural surfactants, biodegradable oils, and environmentally responsible production methods. By combining insights from material science, dermatology, and cosmetic engineering, it provides a scientific framework for optimizing nanoemulsion design and guiding future product development.

Ultimately, this work not only consolidates the current understanding of nanoemulsions in cosmetics but also sets the foundation for the next generation of high-performance, biocompatible, and eco-friendly skincare formulations—bridging the gap between scientific innovation and consumer demand.

Zn-I₂ batteries have emerged as promising next-generation energy storage systems owing to their inherent safety, environmental compatibility, rapid reaction kinetics, and small voltage hysteresis. Nevertheless, two critical challenges, i.e., zinc dendrite growth and polyiodide shuttle effect, severely impede their commercial viability. To conquer these limitations, this study develops a multifunctional separator fabricated from straw-derived carboxylated nanocellulose, with its negative charge density further reinforced by anionic polyacrylamide incorporation. This modification simultaneously improves the separator’s mechanical properties, ionic conductivity, and Zn²⁺ ion transfer number. Remarkably, despite its ultrathin 20 μm profile, the engineered separator demonstrates exceptional dendrite suppression and parasitic reaction inhibition, enabling Zn//Zn symmetric cells to achieve impressive cycle life (> 1800 h at 2 mA cm⁻²/2 mAh cm⁻²) while maintaining robust performance even at ultrahigh areal capacities (25 mAh cm⁻²). Additionally, the separator’s anionic characteristic effectively blocks polyiodide migration through electrostatic repulsion, yielding Zn-I₂ batteries with outstanding rate capability (120.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 A g⁻¹) and excellent cyclability (94.2% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles). And superior cycling stability can still be achieved under zinc-deficient condition and pouch cell configuration. This work establishes a new paradigm for designing high-performance zinc-based energy storage systems through rational separator engineering.