From 23 percent less in the northern Alps to a decrease of almost 50 percent on the southwestern slopes: between 1920 and 2020, snowfall across the entirety of the Alps has decreased on average by a significant 34 percent. The results come from a study coordinated by Eurac Research and were published in the International Journal of Climatology. The study also examines how much altitude and climatological parameters such as temperature and total precipitation impact on snowfall.

In a paper published in Science Bulletin, researchers from Xiamen University, Zhengzhou University, and the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Sanmenxia present evidence of the demographic history of Central Plain over the past three millennia by coanalyzing 30 newly reported high-quality ancient genomes with published reference data.

The Chinese government’s 2020 plan for education evaluation reform emphasizes digital transformation and Big Data integration. This paper, drawing on the experience of Minzu University of China as a case study, analyses existing research and constructs a Big Data-based education evaluation model. The model considers evaluation elements (subjects, content, and methods) and processes (data acquisition, analysis, and feedback) and proposes a comprehensive approach for full business, full process, and full factor evaluation. Challenges, such as data integration and teacher training, are addressed, and practical pathways for implementation are suggested, emphasizing application scenarios, data security, and continuous teacher development.