They proposed a program logic that can formally verify obstruction-freedom of practical implementations, as well as verify linearizability(a safety property), at the same time.

Although many susceptibility loci for IgA nephropathy (IgAN) have been identified, they only account for 11.0% of the overall IgAN variance. We performed a large genome-wide meta-analysis of IgAN in Han Chinese with 3616 cases and 10 417 controls to identify additional genetic loci of IgAN. Considering that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and asthma might share an etiology of dysregulated mucosal immunity with IgAN, we performed cross-trait integrative analysis by leveraging functional annotations of relevant cell type and the pleiotropic information from IBD and asthma. Among 8 669 456 imputed variants, we identified a novel locus at 4p14 containing the long noncoding RNA LOC101060498. Cell type enrichment analysis based on annotations suggested that PMA-I-stimulated CD4⁺CD25^–IL17⁺ Th17 cell was the most relevant cell type for IgAN, which highlights the essential role of Th17 pathway in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Furthermore, we identified six more novel loci associated with IgAN, which included three loci showing pleiotropic effects with IBD or asthma (2q35/PNKD, 6q25.2/SCAF8, and 22q11.21/UBE2L3) and three loci specific to IgAN (14q32.32/TRAF3, 16q22.2/TXNL4B, and 21q21.3/LINC00113) in the pleiotropic analysis. Our findings support the involvement of mucosal immunity, especially T cell immune response and IL-17 signal pathway, in the development of IgAN and shed light on further investigation of IgAN.

The emergence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains resistant to ceftriaxone, the last reliable treatment, poses significant public health threats.

Researchers have opened a transformative chapter in agricultural biotechnology by unveiling virus-induced genome editing (VIGE) techniques for Solanaceous crops, a group that includes tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants.

The article reviews the current understanding of adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing in cancer, highlighting its molecular mechanisms and downstream effects. It discusses the role of A-to-I editing in various RNA molecules, the key enzymes involved (ADARs and ADATs), and the implications for cancer development and progression. The review also explores potential therapeutic strategies targeting A-to-I editing.