An international team of physicists has achieved unprecedented accuracy in computing the magnetic properties of the muon using several supercomputers including Europe’s first exascale machine JUPITER. The result, published in Nature, resolves long-standing uncertainty between theory and experiment.

A new paper in Nature Chemistry describes a molecular material that combines a stable internal magnetic structure with almost no external magnetic field. This could prove relevant for energy‑efficient electronics and spintronics.

Just as wave-like patterns can appear on computer screen when pixels do not align, new research led by Flinders University is investigating atomic-scale ‘moiré patterns’ in the promising field of ferroelectricity.

The new study, with experts at Monash University and Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, seeks inroads into electrical and optical science by exploring these complex ‘superlattice’ patterns in various ways to create new energy and material capabilities.

Harnessing the power of generative AI, researchers at Tsinghua University have developed AIGP—a diffusion-based generative framework that enables instant translation of optical properties into fabrication-ready metasurfaces. By using transmission, phase, and polarization as “prompts,” AIGP directly maps optical properties to subwavelength, fabricable structures, generating high-fidelity metasurface designs in seconds. This breakthrough overcomes critical bottlenecks in photonic inverse design and paves the way for large-scale, AI-driven generative optical devices.

This article introduces a no-code online platform for Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) research and cancer diagnostics. It allows users to generate realistic digital OCT phantoms to benchmark various signal processing methods. Additionally, the platform provides advanced multimodal processing to extract optical attenuation, speckle contrast, depolarization, and strain maps. Its effectiveness in improving tumor margin visualization is successfully demonstrated using real brain, skin, endometrial, and murine cancer data.

High-performance nanophotonic devices require extreme depth-to-diameter ratios, which are notoriously difficult to fabricate. Towards this goal, scientists in China developed a novel technique combining femtosecond laser writing with spherical-aberration enhancement to create nanohole-clad waveguides in single crystals. This breakthrough achieves record aspect ratios exceeding 50,000:1, enabling highly sensitive optical sensing and opening new avenues for 3D functional photonic integration and multi-functional integrated devices.

Traditional histopathological tissue analysis depends on staining, which translates biological structures into colors. By instead studying how the polarization state of light is altered, it is possible to extract information about the tissue without staining, while additionally gathering data suitable for automated analysis. In the published paper we present a metasurface polarimeter designed for such measurements and benchmark it against a commercially available system.