Selective directional liquid transport on shoot surfaces of C. muscosa. (IMAGE)
Caption
(A) Optical images of one C. muscosa shoot and structural characteristics of its leaves. Each leaf has an upper-tilting reentrant angle ω1 and a lower-tilting reentrant angle ω2. (B) Optical images of shoot I transporting ethanol (dyed red) unidirectionally toward its tip (positive direction) while pinning in the reverse direction. (C) Optical images of shoot II transporting ethanol unidirectionally toward its root (negative direction) while pinning in the tip direction. (D) Plot of liquid transport length of ethanol versus time for selective directional liquid transport on shoots I and II. (E) Comparison of different transport modes of water and ethanol in different species. Water and ethanol are indicated by solid and hollow bars, respectively. Selective directional, unidirectional, and bidirectional liquid transport are indicated by red, blue, and orange colors, respectively. The dashed orange hollow bar represents ethanol is transported in all directions on lizard skin.
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