News Release

支持细胞的结构物碎片可驱动哮喘者体内的气道异常

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Fragments of a Support Structure Drive Airway Abnormalities in Asthma

image: Mice missing the gene for LTA4 showed heightened airway resistance and remodeling (top right) compared to controls. This effect was mitigated by neutralizing PGP with a compound named RTR (bottom right). This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Aug. 22, 2018, issue of <i>Science Translational Medicine</i>, published by AAAS. The paper, by D.F Patel at Imperial College London in London, UK; and colleagues was titled, "An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness." view more 

Credit: D.F. Patel <i>et al., Science Translational Medicine</i> (2018)

Dhiren Patel和同事发现,机体中细胞的支持性构造的残余碎片可在小鼠的哮喘模型中促发气道炎症及有害变化。这些残余碎片也在哮喘病人的样本中被发现,提示它们在扮演着某种作为气道重塑介质的关键性角色,这对寻求慢性肺病(如哮喘及COPD)新型疗法的研究人员而言,它们或能成为富有成效的治疗标靶。这些科学家所感兴趣的一个领域是细胞外基质(ECM)可在其降解时释出小碎片(被称作细胞外基质活化素)这一事实;ECM是组织的非细胞性部分,它们可对周围细胞提供支持。LTA4H这种酶已经作为治疗哮喘的潜在标靶进行了研究,它能通过降解细胞外基质活化素(包括PGP)而同时发挥炎症反应的促进因子及限制物。在罹患慢性肺病者体内,这一降解通路受到损坏,后者激发了Patel等人对LTA4H和ECM在哮喘发生中所起的作用进行研究。科学家们用一种小鼠的过敏性哮喘模型发现,缺乏LTA4H的小鼠会显示炎症减轻,但其气道敏感性则会因PGP积聚而明显增加。此外,在培养的人类支气管细胞中加入一种名叫AcPGP的物质时可增进这些细胞的粘液生成并诱导气道重塑;AcPGP是与PGP结构相关的物质。作者对采自两组罹患中度或重度哮喘病人(共50人)的痰样本进行检查后发现,这些痰样本中的AcPGP浓度都比对照组有所增高。他们的结论是,PGP的积聚可帮助解释为什么LTA4H抑制剂常常在临床试验中失败;对这一通路的某一方面采取更具针对性的方法或许会更有成效。

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