News Release

可进行重构的芯片上多器官系统能可靠地评估化疗药物的毒性

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Reconfigurable Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip System Reliably Evaluates Chemotherapy Toxicity (1 of 5)

image: The multi-organ system filled with green dye for visualization. Each numbered chamber houses different biological components, such as liver cells and cancer cells. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Jun. 19, 2019, issue of <i>Science Translational Medicine</i>, published by AAAS. The paper, by C.W. McAleer at Hesperos Inc. in Orlando, FL; and colleagues was titled, "Multi-organ system for the evaluation of efficacy and off-target toxicity of anticancer therapeutics." view more 

Credit: [Credit: C.W. McAleer <i>et al., Science Translational Medicine</i> (2019)]

Christopher McAleer和同事创建了一个新型的芯片上多器官系统,它能准确地捕捉到由肝脏代谢的化疗药物的毒性作用,而在细胞培养临床前药物研发中通常无法看到这些作用。与标准的临床前模型相比,这种技术或能帮助科学家们更快且准确地检测现有药物和新药的功效和潜在的副作用。用动物模型测试候选药物在临床上具有很高的失败率,而基于人类个体细胞的安全性研究或会错失对较大型器官系统(如肝脏和心脏)的毒性。其结果就是,最初安全性概貌看好的候选药物会因为意料之外的及有破坏性的副作用而在临床试验中表现不佳。McAleer等人在此创建了一个芯片上的机体模型,它能同时在多器官上可靠地评估化疗药物的靶性及脱靶作用。他们的系统含有5个腔室,其中含有不同的人类癌细胞和器官细胞群,它们中的某些生长在电模块上,或在一种模拟血液循环的再循环液体介质中。重要的是,该系统能通过在不同的隔室中插入新的芯片而得到轻松快速的改造,旨在对不同的器官系统进行灵活测试。在一个代表骨髓癌的系统中,实验揭示了化疗药物双氯芬酸会对肝细胞施加毒性作用(将肝脏的生存能力降低30%)。在另一个具不同配置的构造中,化疗药物他莫昔芬会影响心脏细胞的功能,但如果与降压药异博定合用时,它对抗药性外阴癌会更有效。作者说,除了在药物测试时的潜在应用外,该芯片模型可通过整合源自患者的细胞而在个性化疗法的设计中找到用途。

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