NIR-II photoacoustic imaging technology enhances early diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory and cancerous diseases
image: Schematic illustration of recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic systems based on NIR-II PAI, including applications in tumor, vascular-related diseases, inflammation, and other tissues
Credit: All authors
As traditional imaging methods like X-rays and MRI struggle with limitations in tissue penetration and resolution, near-infrared II (NIR-II) photoacoustic imaging (PAI) emerges as a promising alternative.
NIR-II PAI leverages nanoparticles that absorb light in the NIR-II spectrum, which is less prone to scattering in biological tissues than the commonly used NIR-I spectrum. The review, recently published in Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, highlights how these nanoparticles, including polymers, liposomes, and inorganic nanomaterials, have become crucial for improving the quality and depth of imaging.
One of the major breakthroughs discussed is the integration of NIR-II PAI with therapeutic strategies, known as theranostics. By combining imaging with targeted therapies, scientists can not only monitor disease progression in real-time but also guide treatments more effectively. "What's exciting is the ability to use these materials not only for imaging but also to enhance therapeutic outcomes," explained Wen Li, leading author of the paper. The team delves into applications like cancer immunotherapy, where NIR-II PAI can help monitor the response to treatment, allowing for more personalized medical care.
Beyond cancer, the review also explores the potential of NIR-II PAI in cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and even regenerative medicine. Looking ahead, the authors are optimistic about the future of NIR-II PAI, particularly as more sophisticated nanoparticles and contrast agents are developed. The review underscores the importance of ongoing research to improve the targeting and biocompatibility of these agents, as well as to enhance imaging resolution and sensitivity.
The integration of NIR-II PAI with other imaging modalities and therapeutic strategies is another promising frontier. "The synergy of NIR-II PAI with other technologies, like magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound, holds great potential for creating comprehensive, multi-modal diagnostic platforms," concluded Wen.
As research progresses, NIR-II PAI is set to become a key tool in the fight against various diseases, offering not only deeper insights into the body's biological processes but also paving the way for more effective treatments.