image: Initially, the nodes are deployed in a random manner within specific ranges; they are then initialized to collect data about the neighboring nodes that are assigned to the LEACH protocol to minimize energy consumption. The operations of LEACH are divided into several rounds, and each round consists of two phases: the setup phase, in which clustering is performed, and steady-state phase, in which the data are sent to the base station from all the sensors. Initially, when the clusters are formed in the setup phase, all the sensor nodes decide to become a cluster head (CH) or not in the current round. That is, N sensor nodes are assumed to be distributed randomly throughout the environment and routinely monitored. The CH receives data from each cluster from the CM. Sensing systems are typically iterative, and have the same energy and capacity to perceive the environment through data calculation and transmission. An asymmetric radio relation is always found among the nodes. This refers to the requirement that nodes have uniform energy to complete information transmission in every manner.
Credit: Beijing Zhongke Journal Publising Co. Ltd.
An energy-efficient clustering and intrusion detection system (IDS) routing approach was developed for data transmission in a WSN. To transfer data in an energy-effective manner, the proposed approach utilizes a low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH); fuzzy logic and ANN classifiers were used for the IDS. Initially, the nodes were randomly placed in the network. LEACH then chooses the CHs at random and allocates this function to various nodes using a round-robin management program to ensure reasonable energy loss among nodes. Finally, intrusion detection procedures are launched to indicate the presence of intruders in the scheme. Within the WSN, Fuzzy interference was utilized to detach the nodes from legitimate nodes, and an ANN was utilized to separate the malicious nodes from suspicious nodes. The proposed classification model was tested using several metrics that achieved better performance, such as an accuracy of 97%, precision of 97%, error value of 0.03, specificity of 97%, sensitivity of 95%, F1_Score of 96%, FNR of 0.032, FPR of 0.025, and Kappa value of 94%. Thus, the LEACH and Fuzzy-based IDS approaches are the best for transmitting data in WSNs. In future work, advanced protocols will be used to efficiently transfer data, and an artificial intelligence model will be used to detect dead cluster heads to overcome the problems of corrupted and dead network paths .
Journal
Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware
Article Title
Effective data transmission through energy-efficient clustering and Fuzzy-Based IDS routing approach in WSNs
Article Publication Date
28-Feb-2024