image: Skin inflammation was found in the absence of ovarian estradiol in mice. view more
Credit: KyotoU/Global Comms
Japan -- Among the many reasons men may have for envying women -- at least when it comes to bad skin inflammation -- human females have a significantly lower incidence of severe psoriasis. However, the underlying reason for the sex differences has remained unclear.
Now a team of researchers has found that the female hormone estradiol suppresses psoriasis, and the protective role of the hormone has provided a basis for its therapeutic potential.
"Our results have not only revealed the molecular mechanisms of sex differences in psoriasis but also shed new light on our understanding of the physiological role of estradiol," says Hamamatsu University School of Medicine's Tetsuya Honda, formerly of Kyoto University.
The team tested conditional knockout mice, or cko mice, with ovaries removed but supplemented with estradiol pellets or a placebo. In contrast to wild-type mice, the cko mice without the natural ovarian hormones estradiol showed symptoms of severe skin inflammation.
Once these mice were given estradiol, the production of IL-17A and IL-1β cytokines in neutrophil and macrophage immune cells was reversed, reducing the inflammation. This effect was also observed in human neutrophils in vitro.
What intrigued the researchers was how the lack of estrogen receptors in immune cells made estradiol ineffective against the cytokines.
"These results indicate that estradiol suppresses psoriatic inflammation by regulating neutrophil and macrophage cells," concludes the author.
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The paper "Estradiol suppresses psoriatic inflammation in mice by regulating neutrophil and macrophage functions" appeared on 4 May 2022 in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, with doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.028
About Kyoto University
Kyoto University is one of Japan and Asia's premier research institutions, founded in 1897 and responsible for producing numerous Nobel laureates and winners of other prestigious international prizes. A broad curriculum across the arts and sciences at both undergraduate and graduate levels is complemented by numerous research centers, as well as facilities and offices around Japan and the world. For more information please see: http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en
Journal
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Method of Research
Experimental study
Subject of Research
Animals
Article Title
Estradiol suppresses psoriatic inflammation in mice by regulating neutrophil and macrophage functions
Article Publication Date
4-May-2022
COI Statement
The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest.