image: The expressions of (A) POSTN, (B) NETO1 and (C) CXCL5 in AR- and non-AR-driven groups using GSE101607. T-test was used to measure the difference between the two groups. view more
Credit: Fuzhong Xue
Aging-US published "Identification of microenvironment related potential biomarkers of biochemical recurrence at 3 years after prostatectomy in prostate adenocarcinoma" which reported that the authors aimed to identify the potential prognostic genes in the prostate adenocarcinoma microenvironment and to estimate the causal effects simultaneously.
They obtained the gene expression data of prostate adenocarcinoma from the TCGA project and identified the differentially expressed genes based on immune-stromal components.
Among these genes, 68 were associated with biochemical recurrence at 3 years after prostatectomy in prostate adenocarcinoma.
POSTN and NETO1 were correlated with androgen receptor expression, a main driver of prostate adenocarcinoma progression.
Finally, five genes were validated in another prostate adenocarcinoma cohort.
Dr. Fuzhong Xue from The Shandong University said, "Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men."
Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common type of prostate cancer, whereas other types of prostate cancer are relatively rare.
In this study, the authors used targeted maximum likelihood estimation, a doubly robust method to detect the prognostic genes and estimate both the average and individual causal effects.
When estimating the causal effect of the prognostic gene on the BCR status, controlling too many covariates might result in the poor performance of the estimator.
Thus, they applied the algorithm CovSel to select the minimal conditioning set that was sufficient for unbiased effect estimations of the target gene on the BCR.
Moreover, the causal effects of these genes were estimated for individual therapies.
The Xue Research Team concluded in their Aging-US Research Output, "we used TCGA dataset to identify the potential prognostic genes in PRAD. Using the associations between the immune/stromal scores and the prognosis of PRAD, we revealed a set of genes related to the TME and the BCR of PRAD. These findings might facilitate the prognosis of PRAD. Based on our study, previously neglected genes could be used as biomarkers for PRAD. Finally, further studies of these genes could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the potential relationship between the prognosis of PRAD and the TME."
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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203121
Full Text - https://www.aging-us.com/article/203121/text
Correspondence to: Fuzhong Xue email: xuefzh@sdu.edu.cn
Keywords: prostate adenocarcinoma, biochemical recurrence, gene expression, tumor microenvironment, targeted maximum likelihood estimation
About Aging-US
Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research as well as topics beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, cancer, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways.
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Article Title
Identification of microenvironment related potential biomarkers of biochemical recurrence at 3 years after prostatectomy in prostate adenocarcinoma