image: Dr. Randall Bly, an assistant professor of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery at the UW School of Medicine who practices at Seattle Children's Hospital, uses the app and funnel to check his daughter's ear. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the May 15, 2019, issue of Science Translational Medicine , published by AAAS. The paper, by J. Chan at University of Washington in Seattle, WA; and colleagues was titled, "Detecting middle ear fluid using smartphones."
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Credit: Dennis Wise/University of Washington
科学家们创建了一个方便使用的基于智能手机的平台,它能快速地检测到儿童中耳中存在的液体,后者可能是耳朵感染的一个指征。这种新的系统已经在某儿科手术中心的98名患者的耳朵中得到验证,它或能为家长发现其孩子耳部感染(如急性中耳炎或称AOM)提供一个低价有效的工具,AOM是去儿科医疗工作者那里就诊的主要原因。有些AOM的病例会导致诸如脑膜炎等严重并发症,但其它的儿科耳病——如渗出性中耳炎等与说话延迟及在校表现较差有关。发现中耳积液仍然是儿科医疗中的关键需要,但现有的测试(如鼓室导抗测试)无法在家中进行,或它们需要有昂贵的设备。为了克服这些障碍,Justin Chan和同事创建了一个应用市售智能手机已经存在的扬声器和麦克风向耳道发送听得见的“鸣叫”声的系统。接着,一个机器学习算法会对反射的声音信号进行分析并预测中耳的状态(较深沉的音高表明中耳充满着脓汁或液体)。除了需要一个小型的纸漏斗来聚焦声音外,该系统无需其它的设备;该纸漏斗可用打印纸、剪刀和胶带在3分钟内做成。研究人员用iPhone 5S 和 Galaxy S6对98个年龄在18个月至17岁的病人耳朵测试了这个系统;结果发现,该平台能检测中耳积液,它堪比甚或优于已有的技术(如声反射检查)。重要的是,在一个不同的涉及25个患者耳朵的实验中,患儿家长能和医生一样轻松地操作该系统,而该软件并未受到背景杂音(如孩子啼哭声)的显著影响。
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Journal
Science Translational Medicine
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