image: Radiographs showing the progression of pneumonitis in the chests of patients with APECED. As the condition progresses, bronchial inflammation (G-H) and bacterial infections (I) appear. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Jun. 5, 2019, issue of Science Translational Medicine , published by AAAS. The paper, by E. Ferré at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH in Bethesda, MD; and colleagues was titled, "Lymphocyte-driven regional immunopathology in pneumonitis that is caused by impaired central immune tolerance."
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Credit: E. Ferré <i>et al., Science Translational Medicine</i> (2019)
对50名APECED患者所做的观测研究证明,以T细胞和B细胞活性作为标靶可在该病患者中抑制一种常被忽视或误诊的与肺有关的严重并发症;APECED是一种遗传性自身免疫性疾病。这些发现凸显了一种可能改善该病患者肺功能和生活品质的治疗途径。APECED是因AIRE基因中的突变引起的,这些突变会导致T和B细胞功能异常及内脏器官损害。尽管科研人员怀疑,APECED会引发除器官损伤外的其它症状,但究竟是什么症状及它们是否能被治疗则仍不清楚。Elise Ferré和同事在此对50名APECED患者进行了为期3年的研究分析。研究人员对这些患者进行了肺功能测试、CT成像,并对这些患者的血液和肺活检样本中的免疫细胞进行了分析。他们意外地发现,4成患者发生了肺炎(肺组织炎症)——这种情况先前被误诊或漏诊,在某些病例中还会引发肺部严重感染和死亡。作者还观察到,这些患者的气道中含有大量的活性免疫细胞;他们在13名胸腺瘤患者和19名RAG缺陷患者中也发现了类似的异常;胸腺瘤和RAG缺陷是另外两种免疫缺陷性病变。重要的是,对5名APECED患者进行调节T细胞和B细胞的联合药物治疗可在6个月后令肺炎和慢性咳嗽消退,肺功能得到改善。Ferré等人说,未来的研究应在更大的病人群体中对治疗的功效和持久性进行评估。
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Journal
Science Translational Medicine
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