image: CancerSEEK is a unique noninvasive, multi-analyte blood test that detects and localizes eight common cancer types. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Jan. 19, 2018, issue of Science , published by AAAS. The paper, by J.D. Cohen at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Md., and colleagues was titled, "Detection and localization of surgically resectable cancers with a multi-analyte blood test."
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Credit: Illustration by Elizabeth Cook and Kaitlin Lindsay
研究人员研发了一种无创性的血液检测法,它可根据对DNA和蛋白的综合分析更早地发现8种常见类型的癌症。他们的方法被称作CancerSEEK,在1000多名患者中,CancerSEEK发现癌症的敏感性范围在69-98%间(取决于癌症类型)。在癌症转移前尽早做出诊断是未来降低癌症死亡率的的关键之一。Joshua Cohen和同事在此研发出了一种非创伤性的癌症血液检测,它能对16个癌症基因突变及10种循环中的蛋白标记浓度进行评估。他们对1005名已被诊断罹患8种常见类型癌症的I-III期患者以及850名健康对照者进行了研究;他们发现,CancerSEEK检测到癌症的敏感性为69-98%,结果取决于癌症类型。该测试的特异性为99%,这意味着健康人出现假阳性结果的可能性非常低。在某些情况下,该检验还能提供癌症组织来源的信息,在过去要做到这一点颇为困难。应该指出的是,Cohen和同事所研究的病人已经基于疾病症状而被确诊罹患转移前癌症。CancerSEEK的终极目标是更早发现癌症,即在疾病出现症状之前发现癌症。研究人员估计,这种可检测8种癌症的单一血液检测的成本可能低于500美元,这与目前筛检单一类型癌症的检测(如筛检结肠癌的结肠镜检查)费用相当或更低。
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