News Release

减毒性疟原虫疫苗通过了早期试验

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Tamed Malaria Parasite Vaccine Passes Early Trial

video: A proof-of-concept clinical trial shows that genetic engineering of the malaria parasite by the precise removal of three genes (called GAP3KO) creates a parasite strain that infects humans, but cannot cause malaria disease, and stimulates the immune system to mount protective responses. This video shows the procedure used to deliver the GAP3KO vaccine to human subjects through infected mosquito bites as well as a microscopic video of the motile parasite forms that constitute the vaccine. view more 

Credit: Sebastian Mikolajczak, Center for Infectious Disease Research

首次在人体中进行的I期研究结果显示,一种毒性减弱型疟原虫能在10名健康志愿者中安全地激活强力的免疫反应,这些人的抗体也能完全保护小鼠免于疟疾感染。研究人员通过删除3个对肝脏感染至关重要的基因来控制疟原虫,从而推出了一种前景看好的全疟原虫抗疟候选疫苗。全球有一半的人目前生活在疟疾威胁之下。2015年,估计有2.14亿人感染了疟疾,并导致了58万4000人死亡。研发中的最先进的临床疫苗只含有疟原虫的片段,它只具有部分的保护性。接种整体的减毒活体疟原虫提供了一种替代方法,但它引起失控性疟疾感染的可能性构成了对安全性的巨大挑战。为了克服这些障碍,James Kublin和同事通过在恶性疟原虫中敲除3个基因(GAP3KO)而创制了基因减毒型疟原虫(GAP),这种疟原虫在肝脏中的发育受到阻止,从而阻止了其进入血液感染期,在该感染期中的疟疾会激发疾病症状。GAP3KO疫苗是在得到控制的情况下通过感染蚊虫的叮咬来接种的。这些参与者中没有人出现疟疾症状或血液感染的征兆,他们显示了强效的保护性抗体反应。当这些抗体被转输到人源化小鼠体内时,它们阻断了肝内的疟疾感染。研究人员说,这些颇有希望的结果为GAP3KO候选疫苗的Ib期试验做好了准备,该期试验所用的是受到控制的疟疾感染受试者。

###

Article #4: "Complete attenuation of genetically engineered Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites in human subjects," by J.G. Kublin; S.A. Mikolajczak; B.K. Sack; M. Fishbauger; L. Shelton; T. VonGoederdt; M. Firat; S. Magee; E. Fritzen; W. Betz; H.S. Kain; D.A. Dankwa; R.W.J. Steel; A.M. Vaughan; D.N. Sather; S.C. Murphy; S.H.I. Kappe at Center for Infectious Disease Research in Seattle, WA; J.G. Kublin; S.H.I. Kappe at University of Washington in Seattle, WA; J.G. Kublin at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA; A. Seilie; S.C. Murphy at University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle, WA.


Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.