News Release

能在偏远地区确认易生传染病人群的便携式化验

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

A Portable Test Identifies Populations Vulnerable to Infectious Diseases in Remote Settings

image: Picture (L-R) of University of Toronto researchers Ryan Fobel, Alphonsus Ng, Julian Lamanna, Aimee Summers from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and bus driver from the International Rescue Committee, at the beginning of a day of field work in Kakuma refugee camp, Kenya.. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the 25 April, issue of Science Translational Medicine, published by AAAS. The paper, by A.H.C. Ng at University of Toronto in Toronto, ON, Canada; and colleagues was titled, " A digital microfluidic system for serological immunoassays in remote settings." view more 

Credit: Christian Fobel, University of Toronto

研究人员制造出了一种小巧便携的装置,它能在区区35分钟内检测人血样本中是否存在针对麻疹和风疹病毒的抗体。该新技术能当场评估一个人是否容易感染这些可用疫苗预防的疾病(VPDs),VPDs仍然是发展中国家的一个主要的健康问题。每年死于麻疹的病例估计达13万4000人,而风疹估计会导致10万个孩子在出生后罹患诸如失聪等先天缺陷。而且,像难民等流离失所的人口因为营养不良、缺医少药和疫苗接种率低下而特别容易发生VPDs。血清学检查(即分析血样本中是否存在针对某种VPD抗体的化验)能让卫生当局确定人群中疫情爆发的风险,评估免疫接种项目取得的进展。然而,现有的测试方法需要有中心实验室、冷藏和交通运输等基础设施的便利,这使得在偏远地区难以开展当地最需要的有关化验。为了克服这一障碍,Alphonsus Ng和同事创制了麻疹-风疹检验盒(MR Box),该技术能快速检测多个血样本中是否有针对麻疹和风疹病毒的抗体。它利用廉价、喷墨打印的数字微流体卡式盒,后者能将血样本处理成不连续的液滴。作者对其装置进行了实地测试:他们在肯尼亚的一个难民营中收集了114个儿童和其看护人的血液样本,并将其检验结果与基准化验进行了比对。Ng等人说,尽管MR Box还比不上实验室血清学检测的准确度,但它代表了一种潜在的、可用于全球一系列需要进行便携、低成本分析的卫生检验工具。

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