image: MRI showed the presence of bone lesions in the spine and skull of a patient with myeloma in remission. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the May 29, 2019, issue of <i>Science Translational Medicine</i>, published by AAAS. The paper, by H. Liu at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, TX; and colleagues was titled, "Reprogrammed marrow adipocytes contribute to myeloma-induced bone disease."
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Credit: [Credit: H. Liu <i>et al., ScienceTranslational Medicine</i> (2019)]
对罹患多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者的样本所做的研究展示了“重新编程”的脂肪细胞是如何促成了骨骼的长期损害,即使在癌症已进入缓解期。以某个分子化合物作为标靶可减轻小鼠体内骨损害病变的严重程度,提示针对MM的这一常见且令人衰弱并发症的可能的治疗对策。这种恶性病变是在癌性浆细胞在骨髓中聚集并对其它血细胞的生成产生不良影响时发生的。逾8成的MM患者还会在其骨骼中发生溶骨性病变,后者会引起剧痛和骨折。这些病变即使在基础性癌变得到成功治疗时仍无法愈合,从而导致长期的骨愈合缺陷和生活品质降低。为理解溶骨性病变为何无法愈合,Huan Liu和同事对罹患活动性MM患者、处于缓解期病人及健康对照者的骨髓样本进行了研究。他们观察到,在溶骨性病变附近的地方含有大量的骨髓脂肪细胞。当脂肪细胞与骨髓瘤细胞一同培养生长时,它们会转变成一种重新编程状态,在这种状态下,它们会释放抑制骨形成并促进骨分解的酶。进一步的分析显示,骨髓瘤细胞会通过激活一种名叫PRC2的分子复合物而转变为脂肪细胞,PRC2转而会抑制一种名叫PPARγ受体的活性。在脂肪细胞中灭活PRC2 的一个名叫EZH2的成分可在一个小鼠的MM缓解模型中阻止其重新编程并减轻骨病变的严重性,表明恢复PPARγ的活性或能对病人骨病变的愈合有帮助。
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Journal
Science Translational Medicine
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