image: This is a comparison of gray matter volume in brain areas using voxel-based morphometry analysis. (a) The left superior parietal lobule (post-traumatic stress disorder patients group < trauma control group); (b) the right superior frontal gyrus (post-traumatic stress disorder patients group < trauma control group); (c) the right lingual gyrus (post-traumatic stress disorder patients group < symptoms-improved group); (d) the right middle occipital gyrus (symptoms-improved group < trauma control group); (e) the left middle frontal gyrus (symptoms-improved group < trauma control group). A: Anterior; P: posterior; L: left; R: right. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance and adjusted with Alphasim. The color bar in each image represents the T value, and the higher T values indicate greater differences. view more
Credit: <i>Neural Regeneration Research</i>
Wars, earthquakes, major traffic accidents, and terrorist attacks may bring about profound spiritual pains, and even cause extreme fear and helplessness for people that have experienced or witnessed these unusual threats or disasters. This persistent and constant mental disorder caused by psychological trauma is termed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Can brain structural damage alter as symptoms improve? As PTSD progresses, brain structure inevitably changes, however, no PTSD symptoms have been clearly described in previous PTSD imaging studies. Understanding the brain areas highly involved in the improvement of PTSD symptoms will assist the judgment of PTSD patient prognosis. Weihui Li and colleagues from the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China compared the difference in brain structure in 12 mine disaster survivors with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder, 7 cases of improved post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and 14 controls who experienced the same mine disaster but did not suffer post-traumatic stress disorder, using the voxel-based morphometry method. Their findings, published in the Neural Regeneration Research (Vol. 8, No. 26, 2013), indicate that (1) chronic post-traumatic stress disorder patients have gray matter structural damage in the prefrontal lobe, occipital lobe, and parietal lobe, (2) after post-traumatic stress, the disorder symptoms are improved and gray matter structural damage is reduced, but cannot recover to the trauma-control level, and (3) the superior parietal lobule is possibly associated with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder.
Article: " Brain structure in post-traumatic stress disorder: a voxel-based morphometry analysis," by Liwen Tan1, Li Zhang1, Rongfeng Qi2, Guangming Lu2, Lingjiang Li1, Jun Liu3, 4, Weihui Li1 (1 Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Hunan Province Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China ; 2 Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China ; 3 Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hosipital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; 4 School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China)
Tan LW, Zhang L, Qi RF, Lu GM, Li LJ, Liu J, Li WH. Brain structure in post-traumatic stress disorder: a voxel-based morphometry analysis. Neural Regen Res. 2013;8(26):2405-2414.
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Neural Regeneration Research