image: The GATA proteins with different Zinc finger domains, and the sequence comparison of GATA6 from different species. The full length of GATA1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 contains the two Zinc finger domains (N-ZF and C-ZF). The sequences of GATA6 protein from human, mouse and rat are aligned together. The Zinc finger region is boxed and the N-finger and C-finger are underlined. N-ZF, N-Zinc finger domain; C-ZF, C- Zinc finger domain; H, human; M, mouse; R, rat. Image link: https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S2352304224001508-gr1_lrg.jpg
Credit: The authors
This new review article highlights the crucial role of GATA6, a transcription factor, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). The article explores GATA6’s dual role in cancer progression and its potential as a biomarker and treatment target.
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest malignancies, with a five-year survival rate of only 5%. This study finds that higher GATA6 expression correlates with better tumor differentiation and improved patient outcomes, while low GATA6 levels are linked to aggressive basal-like PDA, a chemotherapy-resistant subtype.
It is also revealed that GATA6 influences multiple cancer-related pathways—including Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, TGF-β, and VEGFR—helping to regulate tumor development. While GATA6 overexpression can promote cancer growth, it also helps maintain epithelial differentiation, preventing tumor dedifferentiation and metastasis.
The authors suggest that GATA6 could serve as a biomarker for distinguishing PDA subtypes. Patients with low GATA6 expression are more likely to have treatment-resistant basal-like PDA, indicating a need for alternative therapies.
Notably, the findings suggest that GATA6-deficient tumors respond poorly to chemotherapy (such as FOLFIRINOX) but may benefit from targeted therapies involving the EGFR pathway. These insights could lead to more personalized treatment strategies, improving survival rates.
With pancreatic cancer accounting for 7% of all cancer-related deaths, this research advances the understanding of PDA progression and treatment response. The study underscores the need for further clinical trials to validate GATA6’s potential as a predictive biomarker and treatment target, paving the way for more effective precision medicine approaches.
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Muyuan Ma, Jianhong An, Tingting Jiang, Keping Xie, GATA6 in pancreatic cancer initiation and progression, Genes & Diseases, Volume 12, Issue 2, 2025, 101353. |
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