Low-cost laparoscope designed for low- and middle-income countries

Laparoscopic surgery, a minimally invasive technique, has transformed surgical procedures in high-income countries. This method, which uses a laparoscope to perform surgeries through small incisions, offers significant benefits such as reduced infection rates and quicker recovery times. Despite its advantages, laparoscopic surgery remains largely inaccessible in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to the high cost of equipment and other logistical challenges.

To bridge this gap, researchers recently developed the KeyScope, an affordable laparoscope designed specifically for LMICs. As reported in Biophotonics Discovery, the KeyScope system was developed through an iterative human-centered design approach.

Traditional laparoscopes, which can cost over $130,000, are often out of reach for LMIC regions. By contrast, the KeyScope is priced at approximately $1,000, making it a viable alternative. This cost reduction is achieved by replacing the fragile lens systems and fiber optics with LEDs and a small camera at the device tip.

The KeyScope is designed to be robust and user-friendly. It connects to a laptop via USB, providing both power and video feed, which is crucial in areas with unreliable electricity. Its waterproof design and lack of detachable parts make it suitable for submersion sterilization, a common practice in LMICs. This feature also minimizes the risk of losing parts, which can be difficult to replace.

Manufacturing the KeyScope locally is another key advantage. A company in Uganda has demonstrated the capability to produce the device, ensuring that it can be serviced and distributed within Africa. The KeyScope has been tested and shown to deliver high-resolution images with a wide field of view, color accuracy, and low distortion, comparable to standard laparoscopes.

The development of the KeyScope represents a significant step towards making laparoscopic surgery accessible to more patients worldwide. By addressing the specific needs and constraints of LMICs, this innovative device has the potential to improve surgical outcomes and save lives in regions where advanced medical equipment is often scarce.

For details, see the original Gold Open Access article by A. C. Barnes et al., “Improved performance and design of a low-cost laparoscope to enable laparoscopic surgery in low-income countries,” Biophotonics Discovery 2(2), 022302 (2025), doi: 10.1117/1.BIOS.2.2.022302.