image: Figure 3. Managing sleep problems in dementia. Managing sleep problems in dementia is essential for improving overall well-being and cognitive function. Interventions may include creating a structured sleep routine, minimizing environmental disturbances, and considering behavioral therapies or medications when necessary. Addressing sleep issues can enhance daytime alertness and reduce the risk of agitation and confusion in individuals with dementia.
Credit: © 2024 Mukherjee et al.
"Sleep disturbances are a significant concern in individuals with dementia, affecting their overall health and quality of life, as well as that of their family members and caregivers.”
BUFFALO, NY- December 2, 2024 – A new review was published on the cover of Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 16, Issue 21, titled, “Sleep deprivation in dementia comorbidities: focus on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, anxiety/depression and thyroid disorders.”
The review, authored by Upasana Mukherjee, Ujala Sehar, Malcolm Brownell, and P. Hemachandra Reddy from Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, compiles findings from recent studies on how sleep problems—such as insomnia, sleep apnea, and disrupted sleep cycles—can worsen dementia and accelerate cognitive decline. It also emphasizes the profound impact of these sleep disorders on caregivers, who often face burnout and emotional stress.
Dementia is a condition that significantly impairs the ability to think, remember, and make decisions, making everyday life increasingly difficult to manage. Sleep problems are a major challenge for individuals with dementia, with more than half experiencing disturbed sleep. These disturbances include difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or engaging in nighttime wandering.
Such issues go beyond causing fatigue—they accelerate memory loss, increase confusion, and raise the risk of behavioral symptoms like agitation. Addressing sleep challenges is critical to improving quality of life for both patients and their caregivers. Caregivers, who often support loved ones around the clock, face significant stress when dealing with these sleep disorders.
“This situation creates a vicious cycle where caregiver distress exacerbates patient symptoms, further increasing the burden on caregivers.”
This review also explores how other illnesses, common in older adults with dementia, worsen sleep disturbances. Conditions such as diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, heart disease, and anxiety disrupt sleep, and poor sleep then worsens both the dementia and the underlying illnesses. For instance, untreated sleep apnea can significantly accelerate cognitive decline in people with dementia.
To improve sleep for dementia patients, the authors recommend holistic approaches that address both sleep disturbances and related health conditions. Simple changes, such as establishing a regular bedtime routine, reducing nighttime noise, and encouraging daytime physical activity, can significantly enhance sleep quality.
Non-pharmacological treatments, including light therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, have also shown promise. Managing coexisting conditions such as diabetes or anxiety can help reduce the severity of sleep issues. The authors emphasize the need for more research into targeted, multidisciplinary approaches to effectively manage sleep disturbances, improve patient well-being, and reduce caregiver stress.
In conclusion, this review highlights the critical need for a more comprehensive approach to dementia care. Improving sleep could slow the progression of dementia, reduce caregiver stress, and enhance the quality of life for everyone involved. As dementia cases rise worldwide, addressing sleep issues will become an increasingly important aspect of care.
Read the full paper: DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206157
Corresponding author: P. Hemachandra Reddy - hemachandra.reddy@ttuhsc.edu
Video short: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrrrXabMjjM
Keywords: aging, dementia and comorbidities, sleep disturbances, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, thyroid disorders, anxiety, insomnia, sleep apnea
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About Aging:
The journal Aging aims to promote 1) treatment of age-related diseases by slowing down aging, 2) validation of anti-aging drugs by treating age-related diseases, and 3) prevention of cancer by inhibiting aging. (Cancer and COVID-19 are age-related diseases.)
Aging is indexed by PubMed/Medline (abbreviated as “Aging (Albany NY)”), PubMed Central, Web of Science: Science Citation Index Expanded (abbreviated as “Aging‐US” and listed in the Cell Biology and Geriatrics & Gerontology categories), Scopus (abbreviated as “Aging” and listed in the Cell Biology and Aging categories), Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS Previews, EMBASE, META (Chan Zuckerberg Initiative) (2018-2022), and Dimensions (Digital Science).
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Journal
Aging-US
Method of Research
News article
Subject of Research
Not applicable
Article Title
Sleep deprivation in dementia comorbidities: focus on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, anxiety/depression and thyroid disorders
Article Publication Date
20-Nov-2024
COI Statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study.