Adjusting to living among patients maintaining hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance

Assistant Professor Keiko Hatanaka of Toho University, a PhD student of Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), in collaboration with Professors Yoshiko Sasaki and Makoto Tanaka of Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), revealed the process of adjusting to living with chronic liver disease (CLD) among patients who continued regular healthcare visits for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance.

This process is characterized by a cycle with three-phase transitions centered around the core concepts of "inferring my liver condition" and "desiring the status quo." The transitions are described as follows: Phase 1 involves seeking ways to live with CLD, Phase 2 encompasses being overwhelmed by living with CLD, and Phase 3 focuses on reconstructing one's life to accommodate living with CLD. Over time, the relative importance of the cycle's core gradually shifts from "inferring my liver condition" to "desiring the status quo."

These findings were published in the Japan Journal of Nursing Science on August 29, 2024.

Key Highlights

• Patients with CLD who continue regular HCC surveillance visits experience emotional conflicts “caused by continuing” their regular visits; in other words, surveillance adds to their difficulty of living with CLD.
• The ability to shift focus from “inferring my liver condition” to “desiring the status quo” is key to overcoming the challenges of continuing HCC surveillance visits. However, placing too much emphasis on “desiring the status quo” can lower the priority of HCC surveillance. A balanced focus on “desiring the status quo” while still considering “inferring my liver condition” appears to be crucial for sustaining regular HCC surveillance.
• The psychological impact of uncertainty during surveillance visits, stemming from the discrepancy between inferred liver conditions and actual test results, can lead to patients neglecting their liver condition. Conversely, this uncertainty can also motivate health-conscious behaviors following a surveillance visit, potentially influencing health practices leading up to the next visit.
• This study offers valuable insights into ways to support patients with CLD in continuing regular healthcare visits for HCC surveillance.

About Toho University

With a mission to “develop and foster distinguished professionals with rich humanistic sensibilities and wide-ranging knowledge who cherish nature and humanity based on respect for nature and a profound awareness of the dignity of life and of the individual,” Toho University has been a source of professionals centering on medicine, pharmacy, and nursing who devote their high-caliber scientific knowledge to the benefit of all.

Website: https://global.toho-u.ac.jp/

About Tokyo and Medical University (TMDU)

As a comprehensive medical university, TMDU cultivates “professionals with knowledge and humanity” who embark on a lifetime of service, advancing the health and social welfare of people in the local community and spreading their wings to do the same in other communities across the globe.

Tokyo Medical and Dental University and Tokyo Institute of Technology will merge to become Institute of Science Tokyo (Science Tokyo) on October 1, 2024.

Website: https://www.tmd.ac.jp/english/

About Assistant Professor Keiko Hatanaka

Keiko Hatanaka is a nursing researcher with clinical experience with patients with liver disease. From a nursing perspective, she has been involved in research on patients with liver disease. Recently, based on this study, she has begun working on the development of a hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance care model.