Choetsu up close (IMAGE) University of Tokyo Caption A rendering showing the silica layer applied to a substance, not limited to paper, and titanium nanoparticles spread throughout. These can provide an antimicrobial effect as illustrated by the bacteria being destroyed in the center. Credit ©2022 Hiroi et al. Usage Restrictions Credit ©2022 Hiroi et al. License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.