Fig. 3 (IMAGE) Osaka University Caption (a) Spherical electrode, (b) horizontally oriented CNF hydrogel fixed on its surface, and (c, d) molded CNF film after drying the CNF hydrogel. Similarly obtained (e) cylindrical, (f) flower-like, and (g) mouthpiece-shaped molded CNF films. (h) Combining mask patterning, porous substrates, and vertically oriented CNFs. (i) CNF hydrogels with sharp structures fixed on porous substrates. (j) CNF microneedles after drying Credit 2022 Kasuga, et al., One-pot hierarchical structuring of nanocellulose by electrophoretic deposition, ACS Nano Usage Restrictions Credit must be given to the creator. License CC BY Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.