Figure 3 (IMAGE) Institute for Basic Science Caption The inflammatory response of RA causes autophagy in FLSs to produce putrescine, which intensifies inflammation of GABA and H2O2 through the MAO-B in the joint. In chronic inflammation, increased IL-1β passes through a loose blood-brain barrier and enters the brain. Increased IL-1β in the hippocampus causes cognitive impairment by activating astrocytes and by inhibiting synapse signaling by increasing the secretion of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA from MAO-B. Furthermore, the use of an MAO-B inhibitor can suppress the MAO-B of FLSs and astrocytes to relieve inflammation of the joints and alleviate cognitive function. Credit Institute for Basic Science Usage Restrictions Attribution Required License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.