Thermal challenge tests (IMAGE) Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters Caption (A) Left top: Schematics of the fMRI-scanning setup for thermal challenge tests. Left bottom: Representative cold-warm activation map generated through alternating thermal conditions. Right: Quantification of average BOLD responses differences between cold and warm stimulation in a list of brain regions. (B) Mean calcium trace (green) during the first 30 seconds of cold or hot stimulation. Temperature stimulation was represented as blue curve (for cold) or red curve (for hot). (C) Average traces for physiological changes with optogenetic manipulations of dmVMHPdyn neurons (D) Top: Quantification of body temperature during social interaction with optogenetic inhibition of dmVMHPdyn neurons. Bottom: Quantification of social investigation duration per session with (purple shade) or without optogenetic inhibition of dmVMHPdyn neurons. Credit Image by CEBSIT Usage Restrictions None License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.