Figure 1 (IMAGE)
Caption
(Left) Schematic diagram for the mechanism of tumor lymph node metastasis.
(Right) (A) Stepwise growing metastatic melanoma in tumor-draining lymph node and (B) fatty acid oxidation inhibitor, Exomoxir, suppresses lymph node metastasis Cancer cells adapt to a challenging lymph node environment through YAP-dependent adjustment to fatty acid oxidation and usage of the plentiful fatty acids as fuel. Highly accumulated bile acids are potential molecular triggers of YAP activation that act mainly through vitamin D receptor (VDR) in metastatic lymph nodes. (A) Immunofluorescence images showing normal naïve lymph node (LN) and GFP+ tumors (green) in micro- and macro-metastatic lymph node of primary GFP+ melanoma bearing mice. The researchers conducted a comparative mRNA analysis in tumor cells growing in primary site (primary tumor) versus in micro- and macro-metastatic lymph nodes. As a result, the researchers uncovered the genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism are up-regulated in the metastatic tumor cells. (B) Comparison of metastatic lymph node between control- and etomoxir-treated groups. Metastatic melanoma (black-pigmented cells) in lymph node is rarely found in etomoxir-treated group, it is mostly found in control vehicle-treated group.
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