COVID-19 and dysregulation (IMAGE) Pennington Biomedical Research Center Caption Dysregulation of the physiological adaptation to changes and the modulatory effects of exercise. Psychological stress as may occur with COVID-19 activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the autonomic nervous system, and the immune system. A dysregulated and overactive HPA axis drives sympathetic nervous system activation and an exaggerated immune response that promotes insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Exercise contributes toward enhanced immunosurveillance and reduced inflammation to improve mental health outcomes and glycemic control Credit Dr. Candida Rebello Usage Restrictions none License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.