Mars as Planetary Embryo (IMAGE) University of Chicago Caption Mars measures approximately 6,794 kilometers (4,221 miles) in diameter. Earth, with a diameter of 12,750 kilometers (7,926 miles) grew to almost twice the size of Mars via collisions with smaller planetary embryos. Mars is a planetary embryo that escaped such collisions, scientists report in the May 25, 2011, issue of the journal Nature. Credit National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Jet Propulsion Laboratory Usage Restrictions News organizations may use this image in connection with reports about the Mars research of Nicolas Dauphas and Ali Pourmand. License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.