Figure 2. DDE workflow (IMAGE) Science China Press Caption Scientific questions in Earth history can be addressed using the knowns and unknowns framework: (1) Known knowns. This category, which is relative to the other two, includes widely accepted and broadly understood events in Earth history, although uncertainties still exist. (2) Known unknowns. This category includes events that are widely accepted to have happened but key aspects are poorly understood. In many cases, hypotheses about such events can be tested with additional observations, measurements, or experiments. (3) Unknown unknowns. This category includes events that took place in the Earth's history but have not been discovered. Through its knowledge system and platform, DDE aims to harmonize deep-time Earth data and promote data-driven discovery in these unknowns, especially unknown unknowns in Earth history. Note: the time scale of Precambrian and Phanerozoic are differ in scale. Credit @Science China Press Usage Restrictions Use with credits License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.