Synthetic Organelle Cover Art (IMAGE) Georgia Institute of Technology Caption An illustration of part of a synthetic organelle without a membrane. Here we see two layers that phase separate like oil and water, but both layers are water. There is no oil. Each layer contains a different solute that gives it its own chemical thermodynamics, keeping it separate from the other one. Chemical reactions cascade from one layer to the next in a chain reaction. The molecules illustrated on the outside are sugars called dextran, a solute. The gray middle layer contains an enzyme, depicted as small yellow spheres that would carry out a step in the reaction cascade. Credit Georgia Tech Usage Restrictions None License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.