On the Origin and Evolution of Icicle Ripples (VIDEO)
Caption
These are movies of three icicles grown under identical conditions of ambient temperature, water supply rate, and nozzle temperature. (1) was made with distilled water only; (2) was made with distilled water plus NaCl with a mass fraction of (8.0 +/- 0.2 X 10^{-5}; (3) was made with distilled water plus NaCl with a mass fraction of (1.278 +/- 0.002) X 10^{-3}. The icicle grows from a rotating support over a period of about 10 hours. The support looks like its rotating fast, but actually takes about four minutes per rotation.
Credit
Antony Chen and Stephen Morris, Nonlinear Physics, University of Toronto
Usage Restrictions
None
License
Licensed content