Reaction of a composite material under load. (IMAGE)

Tokyo Metropolitan University

Reaction of a composite material under load.

Caption

(a) and (b) show the lateral and vertical displacements of the particles. The latter is much flatter. (c) shows the force at the bottom surface. It is much more widely spread than anticipated. (d) Ratio of the normal force in the central region to the normal force in surrounding regions for different particle stiffnesses in the center, Gh.

Credit

Tokyo Metropolitan University

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CC BY

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