Interaction geometry of the optical driving pulses with the copper target (IMAGE)
Caption
Fig. 2: (a) Interaction geometry of the optical driving pulses with the copper target. Femtosecond mid-infrared pulses at a central wavelength of 5 μm (red beams) are focused onto and reflected from a thin copper target. Electrons (e-) are extracted from copper surface, accelerated, and smashed back into the target within an optical cycle of the optical electric field perpendicular to the surface. This results in the generation of hard X-ray pulses and spectrally broad bremsstrahlung. (b) Spectrum of the hard X-ray pulses on the characteristic X-ray emission lines Cu-Kα_1 and Cu-Kα_2. (c) Total number of Cu-Kα photons per pulse in the full solid angle as a function of the electric field for two different driving wavelengths. With the 5-μm driver wavelength (blue dots) the X-ray yield is significantly higher than for the smaller 0.8-μm wavelength (black dots).
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