Figure 1 (IMAGE)
Caption
This figure demonstrates the histological grading scale that was used in accordance with the American Heart Association (AHA) to assign grades of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this figure is to give criteria and explain why sections were assigned specific grades. Sections are stained in hematoxylin and eosin. Stars indicate the vessel lumen. Horizontal panels represent each grade observed in the study, I-VII (excluding VI). The vertical columns depict the same sections at different magnifications. Grade I: only isolated macrophage foam cells are present (highlighted by the arrow). This is a section of the external carotid artery. Grade II: macrophage foam cells are apparent here in layers, encircled by the elliptical shapes. This is a section of posterior tibial artery. Grade III: has small pools of extracellular lipids visible, depicted by the rectangle. This is a section of the vertebral artery. Grade IV: exhibits the presence of a large confluent extracellular lipid pool, indicated by the rectangle. This is a section of the femoral artery. Grade V: has apparently thickened fibromuscular tissue layer, appreciated by the line with brackets. An extracellular lipid pool is also present here, indicated by the rectangle. This is a section of the internal carotid artery. Grade VII: calcification predominates the tunica of the vessel wall, indicated by the green asterisk. This is a section of the radial artery
Credit
Christopher Hoehmann, NYIT Medical Student
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