Rotating Humerus Shapes (IMAGE)

Harvard University, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology

Rotating Humerus Shapes

Caption

Three major stages of humerus shape evolution: from the blocky humerus of aquatic fish, to the L-shape humerus of transitional tetrapods, and the twisted humerus of terrestrial tetrapods. Columns (left to right) = aquatic fish, transitional tetrapod, and terrestrial tetrapod. Rows = Top: extinct animal silhouettes; Middle: 3D humerus fossils; Bottom: landmarks used to quantified shape.

Credit

Courtesy of Blake Dickson

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