Water Phase Diagram (IMAGE)
Caption
The water phase diagram, where the lines represent phase transitions where water changes from liquid to ice, from ice to vapor, or from vapor to liquid. For evaporation and condensation of water, we are interested in the phase transition between liquid and vapor, as illustrated by the thick red line. The red circle represents the critical point where we can no longer distinguish between vapor and liquid. At low temperatures, one can study the interface transfer coefficients of water with experiments; at high temperatures, one can use nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and in the area between these, one must use advanced theory (in the box with dashed lines).
Credit
llustration: Øivind Wilhelmsen with help from Astrid B. Lundquist at SINTEF Energy Research.
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