Differences Between Head Muscles of Common Chimpanzees, Bonobos and Modern Humans (IMAGE)

George Washington University

Differences Between Head Muscles of Common Chimpanzees, Bonobos and Modern Humans

Caption

These are differences between head muscles of common chimpanzees, bonobos and modern humans. There are no major consistent differences concerning the presence/absence of muscles in adult common chimpanzees (left) and bonobos (center), the only minor difference (shown in grey in the common chimpanzee scheme) being that the omohyoideus has no intermediate tendon in bonobos, contrary to common chimpanzees (and modern humans). In contrast, there are many differences between bonobos and modern humans (right) concerning the presence/absence of muscles in the normal phenotype (shown in colors and/or with labels in the human scheme).

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Julia Molnar

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