Characterization of IL/PVA hydrogels. (IMAGE)
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(a) Viscosity-shear rate curves for two intermediate states of IL/PVA hydrogels precursor (before and after wet annealing). (b) Water contents of PHF1, PIF1, PIWF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels. Error bars represent the SD of the measured values (n = 3). (c) FT-IR spectrum of BMIMBF4, PHF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels. (d) DSC thermograph of PHF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels. (e) XRD patterns of PHF1, PIF1, PIWF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels. (f) Comparison of G' and G" for PHF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels at different temperatures. (g) Photographs of PHF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels against S. epidermidis and E. coli. Scale bar, 1 cm. (h) The area of the inhibitory zone and the bactericidal ratio of PHF1 and PIWF3 hydrogels against S. epidermidis and E. coli. (i) Comparison of this work with recently reported PVA-based gel in terms of recyclability, conductivity, elastic modulus, antibacterial ability and fracture stress.
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