Example video of a ketamine-treated larval zebrafish in the assay for futility-induced passivity or “giving up” behavior following recovery from the acute effects of ketamine treatment. (VIDEO)
Caption
Using a virtual reality setup, the team fixed the ketamine-treated larval zebrafish fish in place and showed it different visual patterns. The first 10 seconds show the fish at rest. When the fish sees a pattern simulating backward motion (closed loop), it wiggles its tail as though swimming forward and the pattern responds to the fish’s actions. When the pattern changes to one simulating being stuck in place (open loop), the ketamine-treated fish struggles at first, but does not give up as easily and is less passive than an untreated fish.
Credit
Credit: Duque, Chen, Hsu, et al.
Usage Restrictions
Please use caption and credit provided
License
Original content