Unraveling the Physics of Knitting (IMAGE)
Caption
a, b Large applied stresses result in nonaffine deformations to a knitted fabric. a The x-component of the displacement field (ux), obtained from DIC measurements, is shown overlaid on an image of garter fabric. The color represents the magnitude of ux, in units of fabric width w. b Finite element analysis (FEA) of our constitutive model reproduce the (left) displacement field seen in experiments and (right) the crosses show the principal directions and magnitudes of the local strain tensor. The values of local principal strains (scale bars in orange for ε1 and blue for ε2) show the degree of local extension and transverse compression. c Therapeutic glove prototype uses all four types of fabrics to generate anisotropic elastic response to motion of the hand. d The extensibility field of each type of fabric, shown as an overlay of rectangles, are oriented along the principal stiffness directions. The edge lengths are given by 1/Yx and 1/Yy respectively. e The stiffest stitch pattern, stockinette (blue), supports the wrist joint, while the isotropic seed (pink) grants mobility to the thumb. Highly anisotropic rib (green) and garter (orange) enable the wrist and fingers to flex along their easy direction.
Credit
Georgia Institute of Technology
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