The contribution ratio of the proton evaporation process in different isotopes and reaction targets (IMAGE)
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Linear relationships exist between the ratio of measured cross sections to theoretical predictions for the charge-changing reactions of different nuclei, i.e., the proportion of the proton evaporation process, and the nucleon separation energy of that nucleus (S1). The colored symbols represent the stable nuclei with well-known charge radii. The radii of the unstable nuclei, represented by the semi-transparent symbols, can be extracted by interpolation, rather than extrapolation. The proton evaporation process right after the neutron removal, can account for 10% – 15% of CCR cross sections for the carbon target case and 20% – 30% for the hydrogen target case.
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