Fig. 2 (IMAGE) Osaka University Caption The overall picture of the ‘difficulties faced by patients with rare diseases.’ There are financial burdens, including medical expenses, and restrictions on subsidies based on the severity of the diseases and household income. In Japan, in addition to the universal health insurance system, some people take out private life insurance and medical insurance. §Inadequate rules and regulations make it difficult to decide, for example, whether or not to inform the airline about their diseases when boarding an aircraft Credit 2023 Kogetsu et al., Enhancing evidence-informed policymaking in medicine and healthcare: stakeholder involvement in the Commons Project for rare diseases in Japan, Research Involvement and Engagement Usage Restrictions Credit must be given to the creator. Adaptations must be shared under the same terms. License CC BY-SA Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.