Moms are not more likely than other women to support gun control efforts. In fact, a new study finds that parenthood doesn't have a substantial effect on the gun control views of men or women.
"Everybody 'knows' that moms are more politically liberal on gun control issues," says Steven Greene, corresponding author of the study and a professor of political science at North Carolina State University. "We wanted to know if that's actually true. And, as it turns out, it's not true - which was surprising."
To explore the impact of parenthood on people's gun control views, the researchers drew on data collected by the Pew Center for Research in 2017 as part of Pew's nationally representative American Trends Panel. The researchers then used statistical models to account for various confounding variables, such as political affiliation, allowing them to focus specifically on the effect that parenthood has on one's beliefs regarding gun control.
The Pew surveys had examined a range of issues pertaining to gun control. Across the board, men were substantially more politically conservative than women on questions related to gun laws and regulations. In other words, men were more likely to favor fewer regulations and laxer legal requirements when it comes to guns.
On four of the gun control issues, parenthood had no statistical impact at all - meaning that the positions of moms were no different from the positions of women who weren't parents, and the positions of dads were no different from the positions of men who weren't parents. Those four issues pertained to: gun ownership, or how permissive gun ownership laws should be; home safety, or laws pertaining to how guns and ammunition are stored or secured in the home; teachers and guns, or whether school personnel should carry firearms; and whether stricter gun laws would reduce mass shootings.
However, parenthood did have a small - but statistically significant - impact on two other gun control issues.
Mothers were actually more politically conservative than other women on the issue of gun strictness - meaning that moms were slightly more likely to support less restrictive gun laws.
And fathers were more politically conservative than other men on the issue of gun prevalence - meaning they were slightly more likely to believe that more people should be allowed to own guns, and guns should be allowed in more places.
"When we talk about political movements and efforts to change laws, it's important to have a clear, accurate sense of where people stand on the relevant issues," Greene says. "Using the potent symbolism of motherhood in America in order advance a political agenda, in this case, is actually ignoring the fact that positions on gun control are virtually identical for women across the board. There is some minor variation, but even there, it actually suggests that mothers are less supportive of restrictive gun laws.
"To be clear, most women - including most moms - support more restrictive gun laws. But it's not because they're parents."
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The paper, "Do moms demand action on guns? Parenthood and gun policy attitudes," appears in the Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties. The paper was co-authored by Melissa Deckman, of Washington College; Laurel Elder, of Hartwick College; and Mary-Kate Lizotte, of Augusta University.