Many US Airbnb venues may be falling short on fire safety, indicate the results of a snapshot survey of more than 120,500 rentals in 16 cities, published in the journal Injury Prevention.
While the data suggest that most properties were fitted with smoke alarms, less than half had fire extinguishers or first-aid kits on the premises.
Airbnb is the world's leading peer to peer online hospitality service, with over 4 million venues in 65,000 cities in 191 countries. Some 660,000 listings are in the US.
Most venues are in private homes to which national fire safety requirements don't usually apply. Although some states and municipalities do stipulate specific standards for rental properties, these are far from universal.
And while Airbnb has carried out fire safety campaigns and strongly encourages hosts to instal smoke detectors and carbon monoxide (CO) alarms, it doesn't require them to provide proof.
In 2015 alone, there were more than 1 million fires in the US, which killed 2500 people and caused US$ 14 billion in property damage: most of these fires were in residential buildings.
To find out what sort of fire safety precautions Airbnb venue hosts had taken, the researchers used data from InsideAirbnb.com for 120, 691 listings in 16 cities from Austin, Texas to Washington, DC, between October 2015 and December 2016.
InsideAirbnb.com is an independent website that compiles publicly available information about Airbnb listings posted by Airbnb hosts.
The data were mined to find out if the hosts had reported any or all of: smoke detectors; CO alarms; fire extinguishers; and first-aid kits on their premises.
Across all 16 cities in the sample, most had smoke detectors (80%), ranging from 3 out of 4 in Austin to 9 out of 10 in Nashville.
Around half had a CO alarm (58%), ranging from around 1 in 3 (just under 37%) venues in Austin to nearly 3 out of 4 in Denver (just under 74%).
Fire extinguishers were less common, ranging from around 1 in 4 (29%) in New York City to over 70 percent in Austin. Portland, Oregon was the only city in the sample to have first aid kits in more than half of its Airbnb venues.
It's reassuring that most Airbnb venues had smoke detectors and a goodly proportion CO alarms, say the researchers, but they point out that "this is substantially lower than the universal requirement for hotels," which are legally obliged to comply with national (NFPA) fire safety regulations.
The researchers highlight that their data refer to a wide ranging period and reflect only a snapshot of the available venues in each city. And certain hosts may be in condominiums or apartment buildings that have their own safety features.
Nevertheless, "the low proportions reported from some cities are troubling and suggests the need for further investigation and intervention," they suggest.
"Distributing safety information and products to hosts is an initial step, but the rates reported here suggest that Airbnb and other similar [peer to peer] models should consider requiring safety regulations for hosts," they say.
"Finally, public information efforts to make guests more aware of the importance of these safety amenities could facilitate demand for them, which might also increase the number of hosts who offer them," they write.
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Journal
Injury Prevention