The world's first comprehensive survey of the global and Australian Twitterspheres has clocked Australian Twitter accounts at 2.8 million by September 2013.
That compares to 750 million accounts globally, the QUT Social Media Research Group (SMRG) found.
"If each of these Australian accounts represented one user, this would translate to a national Twitter adoption rate of 12 per cent," said SMRG leader Professor Axel Bruns.
Professor Bruns said the study provides the first detailed insight into how Australians use Twitter.
Research tools developed by SMRG captured the publicly available profile information for all Twitter accounts in existence by September 2013, then identified Australian users according to a number of criteria.
"We filtered each profile's location, description and time-zone information for identifiably Australian keywords and locations," said SMRG's leading data scientist Troy Sadkowsky.
The study showed that Twitter adoption in Australia grew slowly in the early days of the service, before peaking at more than 100,000 new registrations per month in early 2009.
The monthly growth rate since 2010 averaged some 45,000 accounts, gradually trending upwards to reach 80,000 in August 2013.
"This is a typical pattern", said Professor Bruns.
"The early hype that saw substantial numbers of early adopters flock to the service may be gone, but as an established social medium Twitter now enjoys a relatively steady influx of new Australian accounts.
"What we cannot see from our data, however, is the number of existing accounts that were deleted each month."
The study gives SMRG researchers a benchmark for further methodological development and analysis in their two-year project funded by a $710,000 Linkage, Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities (LIEF) grant from the Australian Research Council.
QUT is collaborating with Deakin, Curtin and Swinburne universities and the National Library of Australia to develop state-of-the-art tools for large-scale research into Australian uses of social media.
"Our comprehensive survey of the Australian Twittersphere is invaluable as a basis for the study of how Australians engage with social media on a daily basis", said LIEF Project Manager Dr. Darryl Woodford.
"The distribution of the Twitter userbase largely follows that of the overall Australian population: like most Australians, most Australian Twitter users live in its major population centres."
Queensland and the Northern Territory are among the leading adopters, while Western and South Australia lag slightly.
ACT residents appear to be especially enthusiastic Twitter adopters. The researchers said this could be related to the particular socioeconomic factors as well as the concentration of national media, political and administrative personnel in Canberra, many of whom would have their own Twitter accounts.
"If this concentration is confirmed by further analysis, it would point strongly to the growing importance of Twitter in the public debate of political and social matters", said Professor Bruns.
Early findings from SMRG's study of the Australian Twittersphere have been published on its website as well as at The Conversation. Additional analysis and comparisons with patterns in the global Twittersphere will follow in the coming months.
The full report is available on the SMRG website at http://socialmedia.qut.edu.au/2014/08/04/first-steps-in-exploring-the-australian-twittersphere/.
Graphs and high-res images are available on Flickr at https://www.flickr.com/photos/104605572@N02/sets/72157645617877447/
Media contacts:
Professor Axel Bruns, QUT, @snurb_dot_info, +61 421 581 568, a.bruns@qut.edu.au.
Kate Haggman, QUT Media, +61 7 3138 0358, kate.haggman@qut.edu.au
After hours Rose Trapnell, QUT Media team leader, +61 407 585 901.