image: This is an Astrium bus in London for the emissions pilot scheme. view more
Credit: Astrium
The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is partnering with Astrium Services to deliver a new emissions measurement service to enable countries and cities to better quantify their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
This unique new service will provide actual measurements of carbon dioxide, methane and carbon monoxide that will be fed into a sophisticated atmospheric model to provide highly accurate analysis that complements existing reporting methods.
Emissions from a nation or a city are currently calculated using the 'inventory approach'. Through this activity, data –such as the number of miles driven by an average person– are multiplied by 'emissions factors' which turn that activity data into the tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent.
The new service will complement and improve these methods by using actual emissions measurements taken from the atmosphere and integrating them into the models used to produce a value for country or city-wide emissions.
The measurements will be taken at permanent elevated sites round the country, from aircraft and eventually use satellite measurement of carbon dioxide too. These measurements will then be fed into the sophisticated model, to be merged with inventories of natural and manmade GHG sources and sinks. This combination of actual measurement with traditional modelling will enable better validation of energy saving and decarbonising measures and determine if they are having the intended effect of reducing actual GHG emissions.
NPL will produce the highest-quality calibration gas standards to underpin the quality of the data used in the service. This is important as data quality is critical when looking for small changes over a number of years.
Jane Burston, Head of the Centre for Carbon Measurement at NPL, said: "Nations are incentivising their citizens and industries to reduce their GHG emissions. They are putting in place alternative ways of generating energy with fewer emissions, such as biomass, shale gas, carbon capture and storage and nuclear energy. For these to be effective we need to be able to see the real local impact they have by measuring the reduction of GHG emissions in the areas around them. This is exactly what Astrium and NPL's new service will be able to provide, delivering confidence to local and national administrators and they people they serve."
Christele Donadini from Astrium Services said: "Monitoring and controlling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is crucial at international, national and major city level, to both reduce the level of polluting emissions and to promote the uptake of green, low carbon technologies. This will become even more important as growing populations will make our future cities the primary contribution to man-made global climate change, and countries will need to implement robust strategies to report and reduce their carbon footprint."
London Pilot
As part of a pilot scheme for the new service, NPL, on behalf of Astrium, set up four sensors at elevated points across London to measure the concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane in the city's air.
The project combined these ground measurements from a network of four sensors with airborne measurements and space-borne data collection. On top of that, The Astrium Bus, a converted London bus, which housed a mobile GHG sensor, was driven around a fixed London route every day to detect GHG concentrations at road level.
The bus combined the various measurements to produce a real-time cityscape video of carbon dioxide and methane concentrations around Central London. This produced 3D visualisations of modelled emission sources over London, the UK and the world, showing how natural sources and sinks of carbon dioxide compared with man-made emissions over a cycle of days and weeks.
http://event.astrium.eads.net/en-london-pilot/london-pilot-kzr/
Further information
Joe Meaney, Proof Communication, joe@proofcommunication.com
Notes to Editors
About The National Physical Laboratory (NPL)
The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is one of the UK's leading science facilities and research centres. It is a world-leading centre of excellence in developing and applying the most accurate standards, science and technology available.
NPL occupies a unique position as the UK's National Measurement Institute and sits at the intersection between scientific discovery and real world application. Its expertise and original research have underpinned quality of life, innovation and competitiveness for UK citizens and business for more than a century:
- NPL provides companies with access to world leading support and technical expertise, inspiring the absolute confidence required to realise competitive advantage from new materials, techniques and technologies
- NPL expertise and services are crucial in a wide range of social applications - helping to save lives, protect the environment and enable citizens to feel safe and secure. Support in areas such as the development of advanced medical treatments and environmental monitoring helps secure a better quality of life for all
- NPL develops and maintains the nation's primary measurement standards, supporting an infrastructure of traceable measurement throughout the UK and the world, to ensure accuracy and consistency.