Treatment with a biological agent was not superior to conventional treatment in terms of the effect on work loss over 21 months in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who responded insufficiently to methotrexate, according to a report published by JAMA Internal Medicine, a JAMA Network publication.
The introduction of biological tumor necrosis factor inhibitors has improved the treatment of RA but at a substantial cost, according to the study background.
From a randomized clinical trial, Jonas K. Eriksson, M.Sc., of the Karolinska Institutet, Sweden, and colleagues measured monthly sick leave and disability pension days in patients who did not achieve low disease activity after three to four months of methotrexate therapy. The patients were divided into groups to receive additional biological treatment with infliximab or conventional combination treatment with sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine. Of 204 eligible patients, 105 were assigned to biological and 99 to conventional treatment.
The baseline average work loss was 17 days per month in both groups. The average changes in work loss at 21 months were -4.9 days per month in the biological and -6.2 days per month in the conventional treatment group, according to the study results.
"Our analysis showed that early and aggressive treatment in methotrexate-resistant patients not only stops the trend of increasing work loss days, as in patients with mainly established RA, but partly reverses it. However, we did not find any difference between treatment arms, indicating that the significantly improved disease control associated with infliximab treatment over a one-year period and the better radiological results after two years did not translate into less work loss," the study concludes. "The substantially higher cost of infliximab relative to conventional treatment needs to be weighed against the greater incidence of short-term adverse events leading to discontinuation of conventional treatment."
(JAMA Intern Med. Published online July 1, 2013. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.7801. Available pre-embargo to the media at http://media.jamanetwork.com.)
Editor's Note: Authors made conflict of interest disclosures. The study was funded by the Swedish Rheumatism Association and Schering-Plough/Merck Sharp and Dohme. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Commentary: Not Better but Quite Good
In an invited commentary, Edward Yelin, Ph.D., University of California, San Francisco, writes: "In this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine, Eriksson and colleagues have taken advantage of a well-done clinical trial in patients with early RA, comparing conventional [disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs] DMARD treatment with or without the addition of biological agents, to study the effects on work loss."
"In the real-world situation of sequential use of combinations, first excluding and only after that including biological agents, the outcome might not match that achieved after simultaneous randomization, but the fine study done by Eriksson and colleagues indicates that it may be good enough," Yelin concludes.
(JAMA Intern Med. Published online July 1, 2013. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.7812. Available pre-embargo to the media at http://media.jamanetwork.com.)
Editor's Note: This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Arthritis and Muscoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.
Journal
JAMA Internal Medicine