The device, which works like an electronic nose, could be the solution many communities and waste management companies, who regularly encounter problems with bad odours and air pollution, are searching for.
20.9m tonnes (72%) of household of waste produced in Britain is disposed of in landfill sites. There are currently over 4000 licensed sites in the UK. Eighty per cent of the population live within 2km of a site. Methane gas and odours, which contribute to global warming, are produced by decomposing waste.
Currently there is no other instrumentation sensitive enough to monitor low concentrations of odours and gases on these sites. Gases and odours are analysed manually using handheld detectors and by panels of volunteers asked to smell samples of air.
The new device has four sensors which analyse the composition of gases in the air. Air is sucked into the device at regular intervals and then profiled. The chemical profile of the air is then sent in real-time via a built-in GPS modem to a remote computer. Based on the concentration of various chemicals, the system is able to determine whether the methane gases or odours have reached an unacceptable level. The air is then filtered before being expelled back into the atmosphere.
Professor Krishna Persaud, who has developed the device, said: "Current methods mean odour and gas levels are only monitored on a weekly basis. In that time bad odours can build up. What this device offers is the ability to monitor these levels in real-time, enabling waste companies to act before levels reach an unacceptable level.
"Ultimately, this device has the potential to create a much healthier environment which will benefit both local communities and waste management companies by alerting them to the build up of bad odours and enabling them to ensure monitor methane emissions remain at a safe level."
Developed in collaboration with the Silsoe Research Institute, the device has already been successfully tested at the Brookhurst Wood Waste Land Fill Site, near Gatwick Airport. Five of the devices have been positioned around the perimeter of the site since May, 2005. Professor Persaud is also working with a major UK water company to monitor foreign chemicals and materials in water which is processed through water treatment plants.
An open day event showcasing the device will be held at the Silsoe Research Institute: 11:30am, January 11, 2006. To attend please contact Simon Hunter.
For further information:
Simon Hunter, Media Relations Officer, telephone: 161-275-8387 or email: simon.hunter@manchester.ac.uk
Notes to Editors:
Pictures of the device and Professor Persaud are available on request.
Krishna Persaud is Professor of Chemoreception within the School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, part of The University of Manchester's Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences.
Research and development of the device has been funded by Biffa.
Levels of methane gas are currently monitored using Flame Ionisation Detectors. They are used to measure concentrations of hydrocarbons within a sampled gas. The presence of hydrocarbons is detectable by burning the sampled gas in an air-hydrogen flame.
Silsoe Research Institute: http://www.sri.bbsrc.ac.uk/
University of Manchester: http://www.manchester.ac.uk
Statistics on percentage of household waste managed through waste landfill sites taken from Defra Municipal Waste Management Survey 2003/04.