Dr. Kapikian's career of more than 47 years, with groundbreaking medical research contributions, is distinguished by the development of the first licensed rotavirus vaccine.
"This well-deserved honor recognizes decades of creative research by Dr. Kapikian and his collaborators," says NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "Dr. Kapikian's scientific ingenuity, perseverance and leadership, notably in the development of vaccines against rotavirus, have been remarkable."
"Albert Kapikian's contribution to mankind through the field of vaccines is truly extraordinary," says H.R. Shepherd, D.Sc., chairman of the Sabin Vaccine Institute. "It takes a great vision and dedication to achieve such progress for humanity."
In the 1950s Dr. Kapikian began studying the epidemiology and causes of various viral diseases. He is renowned for pioneering studies using electron microscopy to discover and characterize viruses causing major diseases in humans. In 1972, Dr. Kapikian identified the Norwalk virus, the first virus associated with acute epidemic gastroenteritis, gaining recognition as "the father of human gastroenteritis virus research." In 1973, he and two colleagues identified the virus that causes hepatitis A. He also became the first in the United States to detect and visualize human rotavirus, which was discovered by others in Australia. He dedicated his efforts to studying this leading cause of severe diarrhea in infants and children, which accounts for more than 500,000 deaths annually, predominantly in the developing world.
Dr. Kapikian led a nearly 25-year effort to develop an oral rotavirus vaccine. The NIAID team's rotavirus vaccine strategy involved mating outer proteins from different human rotavirus strains with a monkey rotavirus that is attenuated (weakened) for humans and combining the resulting hybrid viruses into one vaccine. From a single-strain vaccine in 1984, the vaccine was made protective against the four most important clinical strains of rotavirus. In 1998, this vaccine became the first rotavirus vaccine licensed in the United States.
Dr. Kapikian graduated from Cornell University Medical College in 1956 and in 1957 joined NIH as a commissioned officer of the U.S. Public Health Service. In 1967 he was appointed head of NIAID's Epidemiology Section of the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, a position he holds today as a member of the Civil Service.
Dr. John La Montagne's 30-year career at NIH also was recognized at the ceremony. Dr. La Montagne contributed to international efforts to fight emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, including those related to biodefense. His longtime colleague, Regina Rabinovich, M.D., M.P.H., director, Infectious Diseases, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, presented the special award to his widow, Mary Elaine Elliot La Montagne.
NIAID is a component of the National Institutes of Health, an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIAID supports basic and applied research to prevent, diagnose and treat infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, influenza, tuberculosis, malaria and illness from potential agents of bioterrorism. NIAID also supports research on transplantation and immune-related illnesses, including autoimmune disorders, asthma and allergies.
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